Government

TLDR - Summary: A typical public-sector role pays a fixed salary, is nearly impossible to lose once confirmed, promotes by seniority, and has no equivalent of profit to measure performance against. Predict what a rational person does inside that structure, and the answer is: as little as possible. That is not a character flaw. It is what the incentives specify. The issue Corruption is usually treated as a shortage of honest people.

TLDR - Summary: India’s chronic complaint is not a shortage of people willing to work. If anything, the evidence points the other way. Every year, men leave for construction sites in the Gulf, queue outside recruitment agents for a berth on an oil rig, or cross state lines for jobs that carry no particular dignity, only a wage. There is no shortage of appetite for hard, low-status labour when the money is real, however small.